Bariatric surgery has developed substantially in France over the past 15 years. It has numerous complications that vary according to the type of procedure. Adjustable gastric banding and gastric bypass are the most common bariatric surgery techniques in France. The adjustable gastric band is particularly subject to surgical and mechanical complications long after surgery. Early postoperative complications are more frequent after gastric bypass and generally more serious than with the gastric band. Longer after surgery, the gastric bypass has essentially nutritional complications. The role of the general practitioner is fundamental in coordinating follow-up of patients, in collaboration with the medical-surgical team that performed the operation. Long-term follow-up of patients is essential because of the risk of late complications.