Sox, a family of genes related to the mammalian sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene, are found throughout the animal kingdom and regulate diverse developmental processes including sex determination. The full-length Sox11b cDNA was cloned from the ovary of the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides. This sequence is highly homologous to SOX11 of other species and contained the signature features of mammalian SOX11 homologues, except for the absence of Pro-Glu rich region and presence of two Ser-rich regions. Southern blot analysis suggested that there is likely a single copy of Sox11b gene in the genome of this fish. The mRNA expression of Sox11b was detected in a wide range of tissues except the blood cells, and its expression is especially abundant in the ovary. During embryogenesis and larval development, the mRNA levels of Sox11b were high except at the eyed stage. During 17alpha-methyltestosterone (MT)-induced precocious sex change, the mRNA levels of Sox11b in the gonads were decreased significantly. Together, these results indicated that Sox11b may be involved in the oogenesis, embryogenesis, larval development, and sex change of the orange-spotted grouper.