Background: RNA interference, a conserved mechanism in which a sequence-specific gene-silencing process is mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA), is a promising method of gene therapy in treating a variety of viral diseases.
Aim: To investigate the antiviral effects of siRNA on herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication in Vero cells.
Methods: The antiviral effects of siRNA duplexes targeting the VP16 and DNA polymerase genes of HSV-1 were evaluated by yield-reduction and plaque-reduction assays. The effect of siRNA on the expression of target genes was measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
Results: Two siRNA duplexes (siRNA-1, targeting VP16, and siRNA-4, targeting DNA polymerase), were found to be highly effective in inhibiting HSV-1 replication. siRNA-1 and siRNA-4 reduced HSV-1 replication by around 2 log(10) and 1 log(10) in the yield--reduction assay and by approximately 85% and approximately 70% in the plaque-reduction assay, respectively. Significant decreases in the mRNA level of VP16 and DNA polymerase genes were detected after viral infection in the Vero cells pretreated with siRNA-1 and siRNA-4, respectively.
Conclusion: :These results indicate that siRNA can potently inhibit HSV-1 replication in vitro, suggesting that siRNA-based antiviral therapy may be a potential effective therapeutic alternative for patients with HSV-1 infection.