Background: Improvement in management systems for tuberculosis (TB) care is urgently needed in West Africa. In 2003, an experimental action research network began there, involving care providers, health system managers, and TB programme managers. Each project in all 6 countries used a "patient-centered" approach to improve tuberculosis case management.
Methods: The research teams included care providers, district medical officers, anthropologists and TB programme managers. Each research team conducted its project for a one-year period and then assessed its results. The specific problems identified were low TB detection rates (Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire and Niger) and poor compliance among patients receiving treatment, including their ensuing loss to follow-up (Benin, Mali and Senegal). Investigators concluded that these weaknesses were due to the lack of access to care (geographical, financial and cultural), the complexity of the care system and the low quality of care. Solutions for all 6 countries aimed at improving access to high-quality care.
Results: One year after the experiment began, results varied from one country to another. In general, all participants understood the need to collaborate beyond national health systems because the problems from all 6 countries were quite similar. The research process led to better sharing of work between care providers and sometimes between care providers and TB patients. It provided participants with new concepts and a constant opportunity to implement them. These repeated meetings, however, keep care providers away from their offices.
Conclusion: The research would have improved case management and care more effectively had the teams taken into account the psychological and sociological need of TB patients. A new regional dynamic has begun and must be pursued to help improve health care systems.