Upwelling: oceanic structure at the edge of the arctic ice pack in winter

Science. 1979 Jan 12;203(4376):165-7. doi: 10.1126/science.203.4376.165.

Abstract

Observations taken on an expedition into the Arctic Ocean north of Spitsbergen indicated the existence of a region of wind-driven upwelling along the edge of the ice pack. Models underestimate the 12-kilometer width of the upwelling region.