No previous investigation has explored preventive behaviors among women with First-Degree Relatives (FDRs) diagnosed with osteoporosis, particularly Asian women. This study investigates osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs and preventive behaviors of women with a family history of osteoporosis, and the different knowledge and health beliefs regarding preventive behaviors of women with such a history. Women were recruited at a large public health center in northern Taiwan. A questionnaire was administered to women with FDRs with osteoporosis with a focus on osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs and preventive behaviors. Descriptive analysis was initially conducted. Correlation and differences between demographics, knowledge, health beliefs and preventive behaviors were rated for continuous variables, and the chi2 test was performed for categorical variables. A total of 251 who women satisfied the sampling criteria were invited to engage in the study. Two hundred and one women agreed to take part in the study, and the participation rate was around 80%. This work stresses the insufficiency of information on osteoporosis, constraining beliefs and ignorance of healthy preventive behaviors among women with FDRs with osteoporosis. Overall, the likelihood that women would take positive preventive behaviors is associated with their demographics and knowledge. The variables most strongly correlated with preventive behaviors for community-dwelling women are, in order, knowledge, number of children, educational level, knowledge of osteoporosis, experience of bone density examination, and whether or not women believed they had kyphosis. The results of this work can be applied to provide effective implementation guidelines for preventing osteoporosis, especially for women with a family history of the disease.