Fast formation of opal-like columnar colloidal crystals

Langmuir. 2007 Nov 6;23(23):11343-6. doi: 10.1021/la7012914. Epub 2007 Aug 31.

Abstract

We demonstrate that highly polydisperse colloidal gibbsite platelets easily form an opal-like columnar crystal with striking iridescent Bragg reflections. The formation process can be accelerated by orders of magnitude under a centrifugation force of 900 g without arresting the system in a disordered glassy phase. Using transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering techniques, we find that the forced sedimentation is accompanied by particle size fractionation, leading to inversion of the iridescent colors. The relatively easy self-organization of the polydisperse colloidal particles into opal-like crystals may be explained on the basis of the observed particle fractionation and possibly also on hexatic-like ordering.