New non-invasive diagnostic tests for detection of ovarian cancer in early stages can improve survival. One approach is the proteomic analysis of serum or urine, which may be the technology needed. Preliminary proteomic analyses of serum and urine have shown a higher positive predictive value than that of the combination of serum CA125 and ultrasound examination, which actually is used preoperatively for the ovarian cancer diagnosis (RMI index). Identification of new ovarian cancer biomarkers will optimally be usable as an ovarian cancer-screening tool.