With a review of the current literature, a clarification on screening and management of gestational diabetes is hereby set out, within the frame of a Clinical Expert Series. According to the ethnic group, the prevalence varies from 1 to 14%. The treatment is based on dietary advice, insulin. The ACHOIS study demonstrates that the treatment of gestational diabetes significantly decreases perinatal complications (4 to 1%). The place of the oral treatment (glyburide) remains to be defined. In most countries, diagnosis rests on oral glucose test tolerance: Sullivan 50 g glucose test (1 hour) and 100 g test of glucose if positive (3 hours); WHO 75 g test (2 hours). The screening can be systematic or only on risk factors (wide variations between studies). Screening of gestational diabetes is required because its management improves pregnancy outcomes. Despite this, there is no consensus on the strategy of screening and diagnosis.