Establishing a species-diversified cropping system to control crop diseases, insect pests and weeds is an important approach to sustainable agricultural development. This paper reviewed the researches on paddy field species-diversified cropping systems at home and abroad, and discussed the controlling effects and mechanisms of multiple species coexistence on rice diseases, pests and weeds control. The multiple species coexistence models such as rice-fish, rice-duck, rice-azolla-fish and rice-azolla-duck had effective controlling effects on Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk, Nilaparata lugens Stal, Chaphalocrocis medinalis Gueneeand, and weeds. Other models like intercropping rice with Zizania caduciflora L. and with other wetland crops also had effective effects in controlling the occurrence and spread of Pyricularia grisea. It was suggested that further studies should be strengthened from the viewpoints of crop culture, molecular biology, and chemical ecolo-