Objectives: To determine Coll2-1, Coll2-1NO(2) and myeloperoxydase (MPO) levels in serum of patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) before the surgery, 3 months and 1 year after knee or hip replacement.
Methods: Coll2-1, Coll2-1NO(2) and MPO were measured in 103 patients with isolated symptomatic knee or hip OA candidates for joint replacement. Sera were taken the day before surgery, 3 months and 1 year after hip or knee replacement. Coll2-1 and Coll2-1NO(2) immunohistochemistry was performed on biopsies removed from cartilage lesions.
Results: Immunostainings revealed the extensive presence of Coll2-1 and Coll2-1NO(2) in the superficial layer of fibrillated cartilage and around some chondrocytes clusters. Three months after joint replacement, Coll2-1 and MPO serum levels were decreased and even reached the reference value for Coll2-1. By contrast, Coll2-1NO(2) levels remained elevated. At 1-year follow-up, Coll2-1 levels remained at the reference value, MPO levels were similar to those measured at 3 months, and Coll2-1NO(2) levels were unchanged and comparable to the pre-surgery values. However, in patients with pre-surgery values above the median (more than 0.42 nM), Coll2-1NO(2) levels significantly and progressively decreased post-operatively, but tended towards an increase in patients with pre-surgery Coll2-1NO(2) values below the median.
Conclusions: The normalisation of Coll2-1 levels 3 months after surgery indicates that Coll2-1 is a disease-specific marker that is sensitive to the structural changes occurring in a single joint. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical findings are consistent with the concept that the major source of serum Coll2-1 is the damaged articular cartilage. Finally, serum MPO levels decreased after joint replacement indicating that neutrophil activation occurs in OA joints, even in the late stage of the disease.