Background: Rhabdomyolysis (RML) and subsequent acute renal failure can be serious problems following bariatric operations. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to avoid the complications of RML.
Methods: This review was achieved by searching the key words: Rhabdomyolysis, diagnosis, treatment and bariatric surgery. We included prospective, retrospective, case reports and review articles.
Results: RML diagnosis can be done by: signs and symptoms, physical evaluation, laboratory findings and imaging examinations. Muscle weakness, myalgia, decubitus ulcer, proteinuria and myoglobinuria are the more mentioned findings. Elevation of CPK levels is the most sensitive diagnostic evidence of RML. Treatment is geared toward preserving renal function by avoiding dehydration, hypovolemia, tubular obstruction, aciduria, and free radical release. Early recognition allows the administration of fluids, bicarbonate, and mannitol.
Conclusion: Prophylactic measures and early diagnosis and treatment of rhabdomyolysis in bariatric surgery are imperative to prevent the potential fatal complications of this condition.