Two new xanthones, 1,6,8-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone (1) and 1,6-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone (2), have been isolated from the roots of Polygala crotalarioides. Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods.