In anaesthesiological and intensive care practice patients are increasingly being treated with implanted medication pumps. Basic knowledge on the special aspects of this form of therapy is therefore important. During the preanasthesiology visit, information on the pump, the intrathecal catheter, type and dosage of the medication as well as the next scheduled refilling must be collected and documented. Needle punctures near the pump and the catheter must be avoided. During intensive care treatment any possible interaction and overdosing or underdosing of the intrathecally administered medication must be considered. Information on the schedule and punctual organisation of refilling are important to avoid complications.