Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I plays an important role in tumor recognition and rejection. Total or selective losses of HLA class I antigens (classified into seven HLA class I altered phenotypes) represent one of the main routes of tumor escape from immune surveillance. Abnormal expression of HLA class I has been reported in different human tumor samples with distinct underlying mechanisms. Notably, different molecular mechanisms can generate the same altered HLA class I phenotype. Here, we describe various molecular mechanisms that can lead to HLA total loss or downregulation (phenotype I) in melanoma, colorectal carcinoma and bladder cancer.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / genetics
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Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 / genetics
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Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics*
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Colorectal Neoplasms / immunology
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Down-Regulation*
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Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / genetics*
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Humans
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Loss of Heterozygosity*
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Melanoma / genetics*
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Melanoma / immunology
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Microsatellite Repeats
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Phenotype
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / genetics*
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / immunology
Substances
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
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Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
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TAP1 protein, human
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TAP2 protein, human