Sustained AAV-mediated dystrophin expression in a canine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy with a brief course of immunosuppression

Mol Ther. 2007 Jun;15(6):1160-6. doi: 10.1038/sj.mt.6300161. Epub 2007 Apr 10.

Abstract

Adeno-associated virus-based vector (AAV)-mediated gene delivery has been successful in some animal models of human disease such as the mdx mouse model of human Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). However, recent evidence of immune-mediated loss of vector persistence in dogs and humans suggests that immune modulation might be necessary to achieve successful long-term transgene expression in these species. We have previously demonstrated that direct intramuscular injection of AAV2 or AAV6 in wild-type random-bred dogs resulted in a robust immune response to capsid or capsid-associated proteins. We now demonstrate that a brief course of immunosuppression with a combination of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), cyclosporine (CSP), and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is sufficient to permit long-term and robust expression of a canine micro-dystrophin (c-micro-dys) transgene in the skeletal muscle of a dog model for DMD (canine X-linked muscular dystrophy, or cxmd dog) and that its expression restored localization of components of the dystrophin-associated protein complex at the muscle membrane. This protocol has potential applications to human clinical trials to enhance AAV-mediated therapies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antilymphocyte Serum / pharmacology
  • Antilymphocyte Serum / therapeutic use
  • Cyclosporine / pharmacology
  • Cyclosporine / therapeutic use
  • Dependovirus / genetics*
  • Dogs
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Dystrophin / genetics*
  • Dystrophin / metabolism
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Gene Expression / drug effects
  • Genetic Therapy / methods
  • Genetic Vectors / genetics
  • Immunosuppression Therapy / methods*
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / pharmacology
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Muscle, Skeletal / drug effects
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
  • Muscle, Skeletal / pathology
  • Muscular Dystrophy, Animal / genetics
  • Muscular Dystrophy, Animal / immunology
  • Muscular Dystrophy, Animal / therapy
  • Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / genetics
  • Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / immunology
  • Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / therapy*
  • Mycophenolic Acid / analogs & derivatives
  • Mycophenolic Acid / pharmacology
  • Mycophenolic Acid / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antilymphocyte Serum
  • Dystrophin
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Cyclosporine
  • Mycophenolic Acid