G-rich proto-oncogenes are targeted for genomic instability in B-cell lymphomas

Cancer Res. 2007 Mar 15;67(6):2586-94. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-2419.

Abstract

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common lymphoid malignancy in adults. It is a heterogeneous disease with variability in outcome. Genomic instability of a subset of proto-oncogenes, including c-MYC, BCL6, RhoH, PIM1, and PAX5, can contribute to initial tumor development and has been correlated with poor prognosis and aggressive tumor growth. Lymphomas in which these proto-oncogenes are unstable derive from germinal center B cells that express activation-induced deaminase (AID), the B-cell-specific factor that deaminates DNA to initiate immunoglobulin gene diversification. Proto-oncogene instability is evident as both aberrant hypermutation and translocation, paralleling programmed instability which diversifies the immunoglobulin loci. We have asked if genomic sequence correlates with instability in AID-positive B-cell lymphomas. We show that instability does not correlate with enrichment of the WRC sequence motif that is the consensus for deamination by AID. Instability does correlate with G-richness, evident as multiple runs of the base guanine on the nontemplate DNA strand. Extending previous analysis of c-MYC, we show experimentally that transcription of BCL6 and RhoH induces formation of structures, G-loops, which contain single-stranded regions targeted by AID. We further show that G-richness does not characterize translocation breakpoints in AID-negative B- and T-cell malignancies. These results identify G-richness as one feature of genomic structure that can contribute to genomic instability in AID-positive B-cell malignancies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • B-Lymphocytes / enzymology
  • B-Lymphocytes / pathology
  • Genomic Instability*
  • Guanosine / genetics
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulins / genetics
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / enzymology
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / genetics*
  • Nucleic Acid Conformation
  • Nucleoside Deaminases / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Mas
  • Proto-Oncogenes*
  • Transcription, Genetic

Substances

  • Immunoglobulins
  • MAS1 protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Mas
  • Guanosine
  • Nucleoside Deaminases