Introduction: Positive effects of physical training on blood lipoprotein have been clearly demonstrated and they are constituive elements in prevention and treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of physical training (PT) on lipid risk factors in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) during posthospital rehabilitation (PHR) and prolonged rehabilitation (48 months).
Material and methods: The prospective clinical study included 230 patients after MI. Patients were divided into two groups: group A (180 patients) participated in organized PT (PHR and prolonged rehabilitation at home) that lasted 48&6.4 months and the control group (50 patients) without PT. The intensity of PT was recommended to be 70% of maximal heart rate obtained during the exercise test (ET). Evaluation of lipid profile was done after the last control (48+/-6.4 months after MI). Parameters in the control group were compared with the parameters in the examined group of patients.
Results: Hyperlipidemia, as a risk factor, was present in 39% of patients of group A and in 38% of patients ofthe control group just after MI. A statistically significant difference wasn't established in lipoprotein levels in examined groups of patients before MI (p>0.05). Prolonged PT leads to significant deacrese of total cholesterol (p< 0.01), LDL/cholesterol (p < 0.05) and triglycerides (p<0.01), but increase in HDL/holesterol (p 0.01), in patients after MI with organized rehabilitation in comparison with the control group.
Conclusion: Prolonged PT has a beneficial effect on hyperlipoproteinemia inl patients after MI. We have to practice PT over the "threshold" of physical activities if we want to achieve optimal results.