Under the influence of Malthus's law of population growth: Darwin eschews the statistical techniques of Aldolphe Quetelet

Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2007 Mar;38(1):1-19. doi: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2006.12.002. Epub 2007 Feb 12.

Abstract

Charles Darwin, James Clerk Maxwell, and Francis Galton were all aware, by various means, of Aldolphe Quetelet's pioneering work in statistics. Darwin, Maxwell, and Galton all had reason to be interested in Quetelet's work: they were all working on some instance of how large-scale regularities emerge from individual events that vary from one another; all were rejecting the divine interventionistic theories of their contemporaries; and Quetelet's techniques provided them with a way forward. Maxwell and Galton all explicitly endorse Quetelet's techniques in their work; Darwin does not incorporate any of the statistical ideas of Quetelet, although natural selection post-twentieth century synthesis has. Why not Darwin? My answer is that by the time Darwin encountered Malthus's law of excess reproduction he had all he needed to answer about large scale regularities in extinctions, speciation, and adaptation. He didn't need Quetelet.

Publication types

  • Biography
  • Historical Article

MeSH terms

  • Belgium
  • England
  • Female
  • History, 18th Century
  • History, 19th Century
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Population Dynamics*
  • Selection, Genetic*
  • Statistics as Topic / history*

Personal name as subject

  • Adolphe Quetelet
  • Charles Darwin
  • Thomas Malthus
  • John Herschel