Resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin, is one of the most extensively studied natural products, with wide ranging biological activity and tremendous clinical potential. First identified from fruits and plants, in particular grapes and wines, its positive effects on a variety of disease states have been unraveled over the past decade or so. Most noticeable are its anti-thrombogenic, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, neuro-protective, anti-aging, and cancer preventive and therapeutic activities. Recent data also indicate that depending upon the concentration/dose, resveratrol can trigger or block cell death signaling in tumor cells. Considering the heightened interest in this compound, here we present a short review on the biological activity of this remarkable compound, with a specific focus on its effects on cell survival and death signals.