A multicomponent, elicitor-inducible cystatin complex in tomato, Solanum lycopersicum

New Phytol. 2007;173(4):841-851. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.01968.x.

Abstract

We assessed the ability of the fungal elicitor arachidonic acid to induce cystatin genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), using a cDNA expression library from arachidonate-treated leaves. The cDNAs of two novel cystatins were isolated, coding for an approx. 11-kDa protein, SlCYS10; and for a 23.6-kDa protein, SlCYS9, bearing an N-terminal signal peptide and a long, 11.5-kDa extension at the C terminus. Both genes were induced by arachidonate but not by methyl jasmonate, an inducer of the 88-kDa eight-unit cystatin, multicystatin, accumulated in the cytosol of leaf cells upon herbivory. A truncated form of SlCYS9, tSlCYS9, was produced by deletion of the C-terminal extension to assess the influence of this structural element on the cystatin moiety. As shown by kinetic and stability assays with recombinant variants expressed in Escherichia coli, deleting the extension influenced both the overall stability and inhibitory potency of SlCYS9 against cysteine proteases of herbivorous organisms. These findings provide evidence for a multicomponent elicitor-inducible cystatin complex in tomato, including at least 10 cystatin units produced via two metabolic routes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetates / pharmacology*
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Arachidonic Acids / pharmacology*
  • Base Sequence
  • Cyclopentanes / pharmacology*
  • Cystatins / chemistry
  • Cystatins / genetics*
  • Cystatins / pharmacology
  • Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / genetics
  • Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • DNA, Complementary
  • DNA, Plant
  • Gene Deletion
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant*
  • Gene Library
  • Genome, Plant
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Multiprotein Complexes / genetics
  • Multiprotein Complexes / metabolism
  • Oxylipins
  • Phylogeny
  • Plant Leaves / genetics
  • Plant Leaves / metabolism
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Sequence Alignment
  • Solanum lycopersicum / genetics*
  • Solanum lycopersicum / metabolism

Substances

  • Acetates
  • Arachidonic Acids
  • Cyclopentanes
  • Cystatins
  • Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors
  • DNA, Complementary
  • DNA, Plant
  • Multiprotein Complexes
  • Oxylipins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • methyl jasmonate