Abstract
An important complication of acute otitis media is acute mastoiditis which responds to antibiotic therapy and myringotomy. Patients with acute mastoiditis were reviewed during 1996-2005 in the tertiary University Children's Hospital in Madrid. The number of patients with acute mastoiditis increased by about 2-fold during this period. Of 205 children with mastoiditis, ranging from 0.6-17 years of age, surgical treatment was needed in about 4.3% in 1996 and in 70% in 2005. In spite of 80% of the children having received antibiotics at the pediatric visit, the number of complications increased (periostitis, subperiosteal abscess), and the number of surgical interventions increased by 8-fold. Etiological agents were Streptococcus pneumoniae (28.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (16.3%). Negative cultures were obtained in 53.6% of cases. Lack of response to conventional therapy may require more tympanocentesis procedures for a middle ear culture, and surgical therapy may be necessary more often, as is the tendency in our hospital.
MeSH terms
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Abscess / epidemiology
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Abscess / etiology
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Abscess / prevention & control
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Acute Disease
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Adolescent
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
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Child
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Child, Preschool
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Combined Modality Therapy
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Contraindications
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Drug Resistance
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Drug Utilization / standards
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Drug Utilization / statistics & numerical data
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Female
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Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
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Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / epidemiology
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Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / microbiology
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Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / surgery
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Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
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Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / epidemiology
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Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / microbiology
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Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / surgery
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Humans
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Incidence
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Infant
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Male
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Mastoiditis / complications
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Mastoiditis / diagnosis
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Mastoiditis / drug therapy
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Mastoiditis / epidemiology*
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Mastoiditis / surgery
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Meningoencephalitis / etiology
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Meningoencephalitis / prevention & control
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Otitis Media / complications
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Periostitis / epidemiology
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Periostitis / etiology
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Periostitis / prevention & control
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Respiratory Tract Infections / complications
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Respiratory Tract Infections / drug therapy
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Respiratory Tract Infections / epidemiology
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Respiratory Tract Infections / microbiology
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Respiratory Tract Infections / virology
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Retrospective Studies
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Risk
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Spain / epidemiology
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Treatment Outcome