Individuals with diabetes have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological studies demonstrate that plasma glucose (PG) concentrations in the upper normal range are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, as discussed in a meta-analysis. Studies carried out mainly in the general population show that post challenge PG predicts the incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality more than fasting PG: however, results obtained measuring PG after an oral glucose tolerance test cannot be extrapolated to the postprandial condition. Two studies, the Diabetes Intervention Study (DIS) and San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study, indicated that postprandial PG predicted cardiovascular events in diabetes.