This study elicited perceptions about physical activity in 28 older rural and low-income women (27 were Caucasian) in four focus groups to identify factors that affected their physical activity levels. This population is greatly understudied and underserved. Overall, themes that surfaced across the groups were consistent with social cognitive theory. Prominent themes included outcome expectations about both physical and mental benefits; beliefs about the sources of motivation to be physically active, including both internal sources and external sources; barriers to being active; and the types of social environments important for physical activity. These findings provide useful information regarding the types of physical activity programs preferred by rural, low-income older women and ways to build self-efficacy and social support among members of this population group with regard to increasing physical activity.