The cerium (III) and neodymium (III) complexes with 3,3'-benzylidenebis[4-hydroxycoumarin] were synthesized and characterized by different analytical and spectral methods. The synthesis of these complexes is taken into consideration with cytotoxic screening and study of their antioxidant effect. Their cytotoxicity toward cancerous cell cultures correlated with the weakness of the coordinative bond between the cation and organic ligand and with the capability to scavenge superoxide radicals as well. On the basis of the data reported by us earlier and our new results, it was proposed that cerium (III) complex with 3,3'-benzylidenebis[4-hydroxycoumarin] might induce intracellular acidification along with control over the extracellular oxidative stress.