Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) for patients with brain metastases provides increased local control, locoregional control, and median survival over supportive care or steroids alone. In addition, effective palliative relief is realized in the majority of patients. Despite this, median survival with WBRT alone remains fixed at a relatively unfortunate 4-6 months as demonstrated in prospective randomized controlled trials. Key issues in the therapeutic management of brain metastases include techniques to optimize the multimodal application of WBRT in conjunction with surgery, radiosurgery, chemotherapy, and radiosensitizers. Efforts to incorporate these approaches to improve survival are currently under active investigation.