New and novel antidotes in pediatrics

Pediatr Emerg Care. 2006 Jul;22(7):523-30. doi: 10.1097/01.pec.0000227389.99508.a7.

Abstract

Antidotal therapy can be lifesaving in the management of poisoned children. Although supportive care is sufficient in many cases, a specific antidote can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality in a number of poisoning scenarios, and so the pediatric emergency medicine practitioner must be familiar with its indications for use, dosage and administration, and contraindications. A number of new antidotes have emerged in recent years. This review discusses the pediatric uses and limitations of intravenous N-acetylcysteine, octreotide, crotaline Fab antivenom, fomepizole, atropine and pralidoxime autoinjectors and provides some brief discussion on newer antidotes for which data is only starting to emerge.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acetylcysteine / therapeutic use
  • Antidotes / therapeutic use*
  • Antivenins / therapeutic use*
  • Child
  • Fomepizole
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Immunoglobulin Fragments / therapeutic use
  • Octreotide / therapeutic use
  • Pyrazoles / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antidotes
  • Antivenins
  • Crotalidae Polyvalent immune Fab
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Immunoglobulin Fragments
  • Pyrazoles
  • Fomepizole
  • Octreotide
  • Acetylcysteine