Repression and loss of gene expression outpaces activation and gain in recently duplicated fly genes

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 1;103(31):11637-41. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600750103. Epub 2006 Jul 24.

Abstract

Evolutionists widely acknowledge that regulatory genetic changes are of paramount importance for morphological and genomic evolution. Nevertheless, mechanistic complexity and a paucity of data from nonmodel organisms have prevented testing and quantifying universal hypotheses about the macroevolution of gene regulatory mechanisms. Here, we use a phylogenetic approach to provide a quantitative demonstration of a previously hypothesized trend, whereby the evolutionary rate of repression or loss of gene expression regions is significantly higher than the rate of activation or gain. Such a trend is expected based on case studies in regulatory evolution and under models of molecular evolution where duplicated genes lose duplicated expression patterns in a complementary fashion. The trend is important because repression of gene expression is a hypothesized mechanism for the origin of evolutionarily novel morphologies through specialization.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Drosophila melanogaster / genetics
  • Evolution, Molecular*
  • Gene Duplication*
  • Gene Expression*
  • Genome
  • Likelihood Functions
  • Markov Chains
  • Models, Genetic*
  • Phylogeny