n this research the applicability of two different water quality concepts, a QUAL2E-based and a RWQM1-based water quality model is evaluated in terms of management decisions. The Dender river in Belgium serves as a case study for the application of the methodology. By using sensitivity analysis on both model concepts the important processes are revealed. Further, the differences between the predictions for a future scenario are analysed. The scenario chosen here is a reduction in fertiliser use of 90%, which reduces the diffuse pollution. This way, the advantages or disadvantages of using one concept against the other for this scenario are formulated. It was found that the QUAL-based models are more focussing on algae processes while the RWQM1 also takes into account processes in the sediment. Further the QUAL-based models are easier to calibrate, especially when only a small amount of data is available. Both concepts lead to more or less the same conclusions. However for some periods the differences become important and to reduce the uncertainty in those periods, more efforts should be spent in calibration and in better detection of parameters concerning sediment processes and diffusion.