Background context: Lumbar radiculopathy after lumbar spine surgery is an alerting sign usually caused by either a recurrent disc herniation or epidural hematoma. However, pressure on a spinal nerve root may also be exerted by a retained piece of Surgicel used to achieve hemostasis during lumbar spine surgical procedures.
Purpose: To describe a case of lumbar radiculopathy that was caused by a piece of Surgicel left in the spinal canal after operation for lumbar disc herniation.
Study setting: A case report of a retained piece of Surgicel being the cause of S1 radiculopathy.
Methods: Patient interview, medical records, imaging studies, and literature review.
Results: A 29-year-old man developed acute left S1 radiculopathy after a successful hemilaminectomy and discectomy operation for a L5-S1 disc herniation. In the magnetic resonance imaging studies that were performed, a postoperative hematoma could not be excluded and a reoperation revealed compression from Surgicel that was used for hemostasis. The patient was free of symptoms after reoperation.
Conclusions: This case depicts the difficulty in distinguishing-by means of magnetic resonance imaging-nerve root compression caused by a postoperative hematoma and a recurrent disc herniation, from that caused by a retained Surgicel. Therefore, hemostatic agents should be meticulously used in spine surgery.