The study determined the overall contribution of atmospheric air pollution and socioeconomic and other factors on population health, as well as the role of medical providence in the lowering of population morbidity. The study shows that different individual factors of medical providence have different effects on medicodemographic situation. Also different is the significance of various characteristics of socioeconomic conditions. The results demonstrate that the contribution of air pollutants and their mixtures into male and female mortality in various age groups is different and depends on the cause of death and pathogenetic peculiarities of the action of the components.