Small cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare entity characterized by an aggressive clinical behaviour with a high incidence of systemic metastases. We report a case of small cell carcinoma of the bladder in a young man. The primary local tumour was treated by radical surgery, pelvic radiation therapy and polychemotherapy according CDDP protocol. The patient died six months after surgery because disease progression. We also review and update the literature concerning this infrequently tumour.