Abstract
In the last decade, significant progress in the knowledge and management of external genital anomalies has been achieved, including an improved understanding of epidemiology and pathophysiology of these anomalies, the identification of etiologic genetic defects, and significant improvements in surgical approaches that have decreased complications and improved cosmetic outcomes. We highlight the most clinically important advances of the commonly encountered external genital anomalies.
MeSH terms
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Bladder Exstrophy / epidemiology
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Bladder Exstrophy / physiopathology
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Bladder Exstrophy / surgery
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Cryptorchidism / epidemiology
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Cryptorchidism / physiopathology
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Cryptorchidism / surgery
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Disorders of Sex Development / diagnosis
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Disorders of Sex Development / physiopathology
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Disorders of Sex Development / surgery
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Epispadias / epidemiology
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Epispadias / physiopathology
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Epispadias / surgery
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Female
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Humans
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Hypospadias / epidemiology
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Hypospadias / physiopathology
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Hypospadias / surgery
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Infant, Newborn
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Male
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Urogenital Abnormalities* / epidemiology
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Urogenital Abnormalities* / physiopathology
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Urogenital Abnormalities* / surgery
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Varicocele / epidemiology
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Varicocele / physiopathology
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Varicocele / surgery