The aims of follow-up of head and neck cancer patients are the detection of new tumour manifestations, management of impairments after tumour therapy, psychological care and the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. The extent, success and cost-benefit ratio of follow-up are currently under discussion. We recommend interdisciplinary cooperation between the relevant specialists, such as oncology and radiotherapy, together with the otorhinolaryngologist for reasons of cost-efficacy and improvement of long-term results. We present a follow-up schedule for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, which are the by far most common manifestation. We recommend a standardized protocol, which should be individualized depending on tumour site, size, treatment and therapeutic options in the case of tumour recurrence. The most common salivary gland malignancies are also discussed. The objective is to increase the efficacy of follow-up in patients with head and neck cancer.