ZNRD1 mediates resistance of gastric cancer cells to methotrexate by regulation of IMPDH2 and Bcl-2

Biochem Cell Biol. 2006 Apr;84(2):199-206. doi: 10.1139/o05-173.

Abstract

We previously showed that downregulation of a transcription-associated gene (ZNRD1) could reverse the resistant phenotype of gastric cancer cells through regulation of the transcription of multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1). In the present study, we determined both known and novel differentially expressed genes in VCR-induced multidrug resistant gastric cancer cell SGC7901/VCR transfected with ZNRD1 siRNA or empty vector control. Screening was performed using the Human Cancer Xpro(tm) HC-III plus arrays, containing 3072 cancer-related cDNAs. Ten genes, involved in cell cycle control, nucleic acid binding, and protein phosphorylation, among other functions, underwent more than 5-fold change. Of the downregulated genes we chose Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) for further validation by quantitative RT-PCR. In vitro and in vivo drug sensitivity analyses revealed that inhibition of ZNRD1 and IMPDH2 activity sensitized SGC7901/VCR cells to methotrexate. Additionally, inhibition of ZNRD1 could suppress adriamycin-induced apoptosis and significantly downregulate the expression of Bcl-2, but it did not alter the expression of the glutathione-S-transferase, or intracellular glutathione content. Taken together, the findings suggest that ZNRD1 could act as a modulator of methotrexate chemotherapy in gastric cancer cells through the regulation of IMPDH2 and Bcl-2.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • DNA, Neoplasm / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple / physiology
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / physiology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects
  • Genes, bcl-2*
  • Glutathione / metabolism
  • Glutathione Transferase / metabolism
  • Humans
  • IMP Dehydrogenase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Methotrexate / pharmacology*
  • Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • RNA, Neoplasm / genetics
  • RNA, Neoplasm / metabolism
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
  • Stomach Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / metabolism

Substances

  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
  • DNA, Neoplasm
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • POLR1H protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • RNA, Messenger
  • RNA, Neoplasm
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • IMP Dehydrogenase
  • IMPDH2 protein, human
  • Glutathione Transferase
  • Glutathione
  • Methotrexate