The article presents summary of psychological examination of patients with the primary arterial hypertension disease who where hospitalized in the Department of Pediatric Cardiology of Silesian Medical University in Katowice. All results were analyzed in comparison with actual literature related to discussed problem--participation of psychosocial factors in the development of arterial hypertension. Psychological tests were performed for 60 patients between 9 and 18 years old. Selected group was analyzed on the following agents: sociodemographic data, intra-familial relations, level ofneuroticism, alexithymia, external and internal irritation, Behavioral pattern "A", learning achievements and data related to selected elements of lifestyle. The choice of above variables comes from their importance of illness' etiopathogenesis in literature. Achieved results proved theoretical expectations about selected group specification. They also showed the necessity of taking primary arterial hypertension referring to children and adolescents in psychosocial context of diagnostic and therapeutic assumptions.