Perceptual voice characteristics in pediatric unilateral vocal fold paralysis

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006 Apr;134(4):618-21. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2005.12.014.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the voice characteristics of pediatric unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP).

Study design and setting: Retrospective series from a children's hospital, 1996 to present.

Results: Forty-two patients with a mean age of 7.1 years were diagnosed with UVFP in our voice clinic (prevalence = 5.4%). Paralysis was left sided in 88%, and was most commonly seen after cardiac surgery (28.5%) and prolonged intubation/prematurity (16.7%). Voice analysis showed a moderate degree of breathiness, mild-to-moderate hoarseness and straining, mild muscle tension, and soft loudness. Twenty-six percent of patients required surgical intervention, including injection into the paralyzed fold (7 patients) and medialization thyroplasty (4 patients). Pre-operatively, breathiness was worse (P < .05) in patients undergoing surgical intervention.

Conclusions: Voice characteristics of pediatric UVFP include increased breathiness, hoarseness, straining, muscle tension, and soft loudness. One-fourth of patients underwent surgical intervention; breathiness was the predominant abnormal voice characteristic in the operative cohort.

Significance: The voice characteristics of pediatric patients with UVFP are described.

Ebm rating: C-4.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Bronchoscopy
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Laryngoscopy
  • Loudness Perception*
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / diagnosis
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / physiopathology*
  • Voice Quality / physiology*