Histoplasmosis is an endemic mycosis in some regions in the US, but it can be more and more often imported to Europe. One of the clinical characters of the infection is the variety of shapes it can have, many similar to tuberculosis. It can be associated to HIV infection, being the most frequent mycosis in these patients in endemic regions. Diagnosis is based on evidence of mycotic filaments on microscopy or culture. Treatment consists of Amphotericin B and Itraconazole, the latter being also the foundation of primary and secondary prevention.