The successes of assisted reproductive treatments (ART) have been amply documented. Yet, there is no clear consensus as to who are the couples who need ART and with which degree of urgency, short of course of those suffering from definitive tubal infertility or severe male factor. Determining the degree of medical urgency for deploying ART approaches is of true clinical concern. In case of occult forms of ovarian failure (not symptomatic short of infertility itself), delaying treatment may lead to definitive failure. Conversely, if infertility results from ovulatory disorders brought by stress, postponing ART for a few months may bring spontaneous pregnancies. The recent introduction of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) testing is of significant help for assessing the degree of ovarian reserve.