The article summarizes the data of the national and foreign literature on methods of conservative managements of patients with cholelithiasis. The article also discloses modern points of view (indications, contra-indications, efficacy, etc.) on the application of the litholytic therapy with peroral bile acids and extracorporal shock-wave lithotripsy at cholecystolithiasis. Special attention was paid to contact chemical dissolution of stones in the gall bladder. A number of works devoted to the prevention of gallstone recurrence are generalized.