Abstract
Protease-activated receptor2 (PAR2) is a subtype of G protein-coupled receptor that is widely expressed within the respiratory tract. Stimulation of PAR2 by proteases such as trypsin and tryptase, or by small peptidic activators induces a complex array of effects within the airways. One such PAR2-mediated effect by basal airway epithelial cells is the generation of prostaglandin E2. Prostaglandin E2 produces a raft of anti-inflammatory effects within the airways, principally through the activation of the prostanoid EP2 and EP3 receptor subtypes. This article reviews the PAR2-prostaglandin E2-prostanoid EP receptor axis and discusses approaches through which its activation may provide beneficial effects in respiratory disease.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
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Dinoprostone / metabolism*
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Disease Models, Animal
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Humans
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Ligands
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Pneumonia / metabolism
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Pneumonia / prevention & control
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Receptor, PAR-2 / drug effects
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Receptor, PAR-2 / metabolism*
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Receptors, Prostaglandin E / drug effects
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Receptors, Prostaglandin E / metabolism*
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Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP1 Subtype
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Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype
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Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype
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Respiratory Mucosa / drug effects
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Respiratory Mucosa / metabolism
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Respiratory System / drug effects
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Respiratory System / metabolism*
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Ligands
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PTGER1 protein, human
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PTGER2 protein, human
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PTGER3 protein, human
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Receptor, PAR-2
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Receptors, Prostaglandin E
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Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP1 Subtype
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Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype
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Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype
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Dinoprostone