Studies have shown that teaching persons with mental illness to identify and cope with their real-life problems yields substantial clinical improvements. In Italy a structured problem-solving group was established in a day treatment center in 2003. This column describes the approach and focuses on the outcomes achieved by 15 patients with severe mental illness who were in this group. After completion of the problem-solving program, significant improvements were noted in symptom scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and in problem-solving and neurocognitive test performance, with further improvements six months after completion of the group sessions. Problem-solving training may contribute to improved neurocognition and symptoms.