Adequate calcium throughout a woman's lifespan is a critical step to achieving and improving bone health. Unfortunately, there is no time across this continuum where the average intake is optimal. This paper reviews the output of a roundtable of scientific professionals who gathered to discuss approaches for turning high levels of awareness regarding the importance of adequate calcium intake into behaviors that actualize this recognition throughout the life of a woman. The critical time periods of pregnancy, lactation, perimenopause and menopause, in which adequate calcium intake is most important, are particularly highlighted. Recommended levels of calcium and vitamin D are reviewed with emphasis on diet and supplemental sources of these nutrients. Knowledge of the current shortfall in calcium intake across the life continuum coupled with health care professional education about the importance of compliance with recommendations will increase calcium awareness and utilization and improve bone health.