Skin stem cell biology is a rapidly advancing field in the life sciences. There is increasing evidence that skin represents a larger reservoir for adult stem cells (including mesenchymal, hematopoietic and neural stem cells) than the epidermis. Given that skin is easily accessible and immune privileged, skin stem cells will not only provide hope for the functional repair of the skin itself but will also offer a potential source of adult stem cells for the cell-based therapy of injuries and diseases throughout the body. This article reviews the current status of research in this area and discusses the occurrence, plasticity and potential uses of skin stem cells.