Recombinant addition of N-glycosylation sites to the basolateral Na,K-ATPase beta1 subunit results in its clustering in caveolae and apical sorting in HGT-1 cells

J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 30;280(52):43159-67. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M508262200. Epub 2005 Oct 17.

Abstract

In most polarized cells, the Na,K-ATPase is localized on the basolateral plasma membrane. However, an unusual location of the Na,K-ATPase was detected in polarized HGT-1 cells (a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line). The Na,K-ATPase alpha1 subunit was detected along with the beta2 subunit predominantly on the apical membrane, whereas the Na,K-ATPase beta1 subunit was not found in HGT-1 cells. However, when expressed in the same cell line, a yellow fluorescent protein-linked Na,K-ATPase beta1 subunit was localized exclusively to the basolateral surface and resulted in partial redistribution of the endogenous alpha1 subunit to the basolateral membrane. The human beta2 subunit has eight N-glycosylation sites, whereas the beta1 isoform has only three. Accordingly, up to five additional N-glycosylation sites homologous to the ones present in the beta2 subunit were successively introduced in the beta1 subunit by site-directed mutagenesis. The mutated beta1 subunits were detected on both apical and basolateral membranes. The fraction of a mutant beta1 subunit present on the apical membrane increased in proportion to the number of glycosylation sites inserted and reached 80% of the total surface amount for the beta1 mutant with five additional sites. Clustered distribution and co-localization with caveolin-1 was detected by confocal microscopy for the endogenous beta2 subunit and the beta1 mutant with additional glycosylation sites but not for the wild type beta1 subunit. Hence, the N-glycans linked to the beta2 subunit of the Na,K-ATPase contain apical sorting information, and the high abundance of the beta2 subunit isoform, which is rich in N-glycans, along with the absence of the beta1 subunit, is responsible for the unusual apical location of the Na,K-ATPase in HGT-1 cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Triphosphatases / chemistry
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
  • Binding Sites
  • Biotinylation
  • Blotting, Western
  • Caveolae / metabolism
  • Caveolin 1 / chemistry
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • DNA, Complementary / metabolism
  • Detergents / pharmacology
  • Glycosylation
  • Humans
  • Luminescent Proteins / metabolism
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Mutation
  • Octoxynol / pharmacology
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / chemistry*

Substances

  • ATP1B1 protein, human
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Caveolin 1
  • DNA, Complementary
  • Detergents
  • Luminescent Proteins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • yellow fluorescent protein, Bacteria
  • Octoxynol
  • Adenosine Triphosphatases
  • Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase