The preparation of vascular corrosion casts enables us to observe the minute features of blood vessels. For mice and rats, reports on the macroscopical appearance of testicular arteries with the cast technique have been quite limited. Therefore, in the present study, we tried to prepare corrosion casts of such arteries in order to observe the three-dimensional structures in mice and rats. Vascular casts of testicular arteries were produced by intravenous injection of a polymethylmethacrylate solution, followed by treatment of the whole animal bodies with NaOH. Additionally, the gross appearance of human testicular arteries in cadavers was compared with that of the vascular casts. The results showed that the testicular arteries of humans, mice, and rats run from the abdominal aorta to the testes, with various configurations (straight, meandering, spiral, or coiled forms), and each species exhibits a specific pattern. The specific forms of testicular arteries may play several roles in protection of normal spermatogenesis, such as allowing wide mobility of the testes on physical attack, heat emission with the entwined pampiniform plexus, and reduction of the blood flow rate. The great extension of the testicular arteries during the fetal period from the upper abdomen to the scrotum when the testes descend might be another feature of the specific development of their running configuration.