The rheumatoid shoulder: current consensus on diagnosis and treatment

Joint Bone Spine. 2006 Mar;73(2):139-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2005.03.013. Epub 2005 Jul 26.

Abstract

Shoulder involvement is usually inconspicuous in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and the clinical manifestations are nonspecific. Nevertheless, shoulder involvement should be sought routinely and detected early. Range of motion at the shoulder should be evaluated. Although normal radiographic findings do not rule out shoulder involvement, radiographs are crucial for detecting micro- and macro-geodes during follow-up. The development of glenohumeral joint space narrowing is a turning point that indicates a risk of rapid joint destruction. Magnetic resonance imaging is useful for assessing the lesions and guiding the treatment strategy. Stepwise use of local interventions as indicated by imaging findings is recommended. Joint replacement should not be left too late, and surgical procedures on the shoulder should be built into the overall treatment plan.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / diagnosis*
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / physiopathology
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / therapy*
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement*
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Radiography
  • Range of Motion, Articular / physiology
  • Shoulder / pathology
  • Shoulder Joint / diagnostic imaging
  • Shoulder Joint / pathology*
  • Shoulder Joint / physiopathology