Objective: To determine whether the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor rofecoxib increases the regression rates of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade II and III.
Study design: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study with rofecoxib 25 mg daily for 6 [corrected] months as active treatment for patients with CIN II and III was started in May 2004 [corrected] and was halted after rofecoxib withdrawal in October 2004 [corrected]
Results: A total of 16 patients with CIN II (n=9) and CIN III (n=7) were included in our study. Eight and eight patients received rofecoxib and placebo, respectively. Regression rates in the rofecoxib and placebo arm were statistically not significant (25% versus 12.5%) after a mean of 87 (46.3) days of treatment. No severe side effects were noted during the therapy; no dropouts were recorded.
Conclusion: A conservative treatment of CIN II and III is feasible. Inhibitors of COX, especially COX-2, were seen as candidates for cancer chemoprevention. Our study was halted after rofecoxib was withdrawn. The results obtained should be added to those already published for planning future studies on medical therapies for high grade CIN.