The fact that genetic factors largely determine susceptibility to different diseases, including those of infectious nature is beyond question now. Tuberculosis is not an exception in this respect. HLA genes that determine different immunological phenomena make a certain contribution to tuberculosis susceptibility. This paper presents the results of typing using the polymerase chain reaction from the specificities of the HLA gene DRB1 in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy individuals in different regions of the Republic of Tuva. The studies in these regions of Tuva have revealed a significant positive association of tuberculosis with the specificities of HLA DRb1 13(6) and HLA DRB1 14(6). Analyzing 14 families of patients with tuberculosis has shown that HLA haplotypes from the sick parents who carry the specificities of HLA DRB1 13 and/or DRb1 14 are more frequently transmitted to sick children than to healthy ones. High morbidity in the indigenous dwellers of the Republic of Tuva may be associated with these specificities of the HLA gene DRB1, which is due to the national peculiarities of the native population of this republic.