Fifty-two patients presenting with upper or middle esophageal carcinoma after gastrectomy between 1980 and 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, there were five cases of total gastrectomy, six cases of proximal partial gastrectomy and 41 cases of distal subtotal gastrectomy. The interval between gastrectomy and the diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma ranged from 2 to 22 years. Surgical procedures included resection of the esophageal lesion with esophageal replacement using non-reversed or reversed gastric tubes (2 and 3 cases respectively), and short or long segment colon (5 and 40 cases respectively); two cases underwent a palliative procedure (jejunostomy). Complications included cervical anastomotic leaks (3 cases), pulmonary infection (3 cases), atelectasis (2 cases) and cordis arrhythmia (5 cases), all of which responded to treatment. In our group, resection of the esophageal lesions and reconstruction of the esophagus was performed in 45 cases (86.5%), exclusion and bypass procedure of esophageal carcinoma and following radiotherapy and chemotherapy in four (7.7%), eternal jejunostomy for intestinal nutrition in two (3.9%) and death occurred in one case (1.9%) due to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Esophageal resection combined with lymph node dissection is indicated for the treatment of upper or middle esophageal carcinoma following gastrectomy. While esophageal substitutes can include non-reversed or reversed gastric tubes as well as short or long segment colon interpositions, we usually recommend the use of colon interposition. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rate of cases with resection of the esophageal lesions and reconstruction of the esophagus was 84.6%, 57.7% and 26.7% respectively.